Post+WWI+Treaties


 * The Treaty of Trianon **


 * Overview**
 * Signed June 4th, 1920 between Allies and Hungary
 * Regulated the status of an independent Hungarian state
 * o Dissolved the Austro-Hungarian Empire in an effort to reduce the likelihood of Germany acquiring substantial influence
 * //Articles 54-60// Intended to separate many of the ethnic groups into their own nation-states
 * Beneficiaries of the treaty include Romania, Czechoslovakia, Kingdom of Serbs, Croatia, and Slovenia


 * Problems with the Treaty**
 * //Articles 61-66// left many Hungarians now lived outside of Hungary and became the minority
 * Economic capital shrunk to less than a percent of prewar levels which caused economic growth to stagnate
 * Only 35,000 soldiers & no conscription
 * Hungary lost access to the Mediterranean as it became landlocked
 * o International trade plummeted
 * From pre-war levels, Hungary only retained…
 * 35% of the agricultural productivity
 * 28% of the territory
 * 34% of the population
 * 11% of the timber
 * 16% of the iron ore
 * 49% of the arable land
 * 26% of the public roads
 * 35% of the canals
 * 48% of the railroads
 * 46% of the surface roads
 * 17% of the pig iron output
 * 45% of the industrial plants
 * 33% of the credit card banks

** Treaty of Saint-Germain, (1919) ** Signed by representatives of Austria on one side and the Allied Powers on the other. Was signed at Saint-Germain-en-Laye, near Paris, on Sept. 10, 1919, and came into force on July 16, 1920.

à //Dalmatia, Slovenia and Bosnia// were given to **Yugoslavia** à //South Tyrol, Trentino, Trieste and Istria// were given to **Italy** à //Bohemia and Moravia// were given to **Czechoslovakia** à //Galicia// was given to **Poland** à //Bukovina// was given to **Romania** à **Austria** was not allowed to unify with **Germany**


 * The treaty recognized the independence of Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary as well as the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Yugoslavia


 * The military clauses limited Austria’s long-service volunteer army to 30,000 men and broke up the Austro-Hungarian navy, distributing it among the Allies.


 * Austrian officials protested the violation of the principle of self-determination in the treaty, the placement of so many ethnic Germans under Czechoslovak and Italian rule, and the forbiddance of unity with Germany.


 * The Austria created by the treaty was financially and militarily weak and therefore a chronic force of instability in Europe between the two World Wars


 * The pact dismantled the Austrian (Hapsburg) Empire. The once powerful empire of some 116,000 square miles (300,000 km2) and 30,000,000 people was reduced to a small, landlocked republic of less than 32,400 square miles (83,900 km2), some 6,000,000 people